A Span Classsearchtermclassspan book of Chemistry On the Basis of the
A Span Classsearchtermclassspan book of Chemistry On the Basis of the
Edward Livingston Youmans
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Symbol, Br. Atomic Weight, 80 ; Quantivalence, I. , V. , and VII. ; Molecu- lar Weight, 160 ; Molecular Volume, 2 ; Specific Gravity, 3. 187. 311. History and Preparation. This substance was first obtained by a French chemist in 1826. The name bro- 182 DESCRIPTIVE CHEMISTRY. Mine is derived from the Greek bromos, " stench. " It is not found native. After the extraction of the crystal- lizable salts from the sea-water, there is left a solution of the more soluble salts, called the mother-liquor ...or bittern. This bittern is rich in bromides, and, by heating this with man- ganic dioxide and hydric sulphate, chlorine is liberated from the decomposed chlorides. The chlorine, in its turn, sets free the bromine from the bromides, and the vapors are collected in a cooled receiver, where they condense into a liquid. 312. Properties and Uses. Bromine, at ordinary tem- peratures, is a liquid of a deep brownish-red color. It has a peculiar, irritating, disagreeable odor. At 22 C. It solidifies to a hard, brittle, laminated mass, having a dark lead-gray color and semi-metallic lustre.
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