China in Transformation
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In our eReader you can find the full English version of the book. Read China in Transformation Online - link to read the book on full screen. Our eReader also allows you to upload and read Pdf, Txt, ePub and fb2 books. In the Mini eReder on the page below you can quickly view all pages of the book - Read Book China in Transformation
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Flint of having set at defiance the Imperial edict. He and the supercargoes who had been summoned to the Yamfen were attacked and maltreated and compelled to perform the kotow.
Mr. Flint was detained in prison; and a special mis- sion to Canton to obtain his release having proved unsuccessful, a heavy bribe being refused, he was actually kept in confinement till the year 1762, when he returned to England.
The system of bribery and corruption, coupled with submission to gross indignities, contin...ued until, in 1 77 1, permission was accorded to foreigners to CHINA IN TRANSFORMATION reside at Canton during the winter, the business season. At this time the supercargoes gained a de- cisive victory over the Co-Hong, obtaining its disso- lution by means of a cumshaw of one hundred thou- sand taels, the contributions due to the authorities having fallen into arrears. Some ten years later the old institution was revived in another form by the creation of "Hong merchants" — native brokers who bore the title of "mandarin." The sole dif- ference between the old system and the new was that in lieu of the earlier common financial responsibility there was now a Consoo, an association or guild fund, established in order to supply, by means of a special tax on foreign trade, the guarantee provided for.
What to read after China in Transformation?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by Colquhoun, Archibald R. (Archibald Ross), 1848-1914 to read onlineMoreLess
To quickly assess the difficulty of the text, read a short excerpt:
Flint of having set at defiance the Imperial edict. He and the supercargoes who had been summoned to the Yamfen were attacked and maltreated and compelled to perform the kotow.
Mr. Flint was detained in prison; and a special mis- sion to Canton to obtain his release having proved unsuccessful, a heavy bribe being refused, he was actually kept in confinement till the year 1762, when he returned to England.
The system of bribery and corruption, coupled with submission to gross indignities, contin...ued until, in 1 77 1, permission was accorded to foreigners to CHINA IN TRANSFORMATION reside at Canton during the winter, the business season. At this time the supercargoes gained a de- cisive victory over the Co-Hong, obtaining its disso- lution by means of a cumshaw of one hundred thou- sand taels, the contributions due to the authorities having fallen into arrears. Some ten years later the old institution was revived in another form by the creation of "Hong merchants" — native brokers who bore the title of "mandarin." The sole dif- ference between the old system and the new was that in lieu of the earlier common financial responsibility there was now a Consoo, an association or guild fund, established in order to supply, by means of a special tax on foreign trade, the guarantee provided for.
What to read after China in Transformation?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by Colquhoun, Archibald R. (Archibald Ross), 1848-1914 to read onlineMoreLess
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