Elements of Modern Chemistry

Cover Elements of Modern Chemistry
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Chlorinated Derivatives of Ethyl Chloride. — When ethyl chloride is submitted to the action of chlorine, various com- pounds are successively formed by the substitution of chlorine for hydrogen, atom for atom. The following is the nomencla- 464 ELEMENTS OP MODERN CHEMIETET.
ture and composition of these chlorinated compounds, which were discovered by V. Regnault.
C'^HSCl ethyl chloride.
C2H*C12 dichlorethane (etbylidine chloride)— boils at 57.5°.
C^H^CP triohlorethane— boils at 75°.
C^H^Cl'' te
...traohlorethane— boils at 127.5°.
C2HC15 pentachlorethane— boils at 158°.
C^Cl^ hexachlorethane (sesquichloride of carbon).
It will be noticed that the second of these compounds is isomeric with ethylene chloride, or Dutch liquid, of which the description will be found farther on. It may be obtained by treating aldehyde with phosphorus pentachloride.
CH'-CHO + PC1« = CH'-CHCP + POCP Aldehyde. Dichlorethane. Phosphorus oxychloride.
This mode of formation indicates its constitution, which is expressed by the formula bllCP To distinguish it from its isomeride ethylene chloride, CH^CI CH'^Cl it is named dichlorethane or ethylidene chloride.


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