Lessons On Higher Algebra: With An Appendix On the Nature of Mathematical Reasoning

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Lessons On Higher Algebra: With An Appendix On the Nature of Mathematical Reasoning
Ellen Hayes
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+ 4 when a? = 2.
1 0-2 0+3+4 (2 2 4 4 8 22 2 2 4 11 26 .•./(2) = 26.
Ex. 2. Determine whether —3 is a root of a^4.7aj3 + 5aj*- 31a; -30 = 0.
1 4-7 +5 -31 -30 (-3 -3 -12 21 +30 4 -7 ^^10 Since /(- 3) = 0, - 3 is a root of f{x) = 0.
26. The process of the preceding article also enables us to divide /(a?) by a; — a when a is a root of /(a?) = 0.
Let /(a?) be evaluated for a as before ; the required quo- tient /(«) -J- (a? — a) will be, supposing f{x) is of the fourth degree, a* + (a +i>i)a* + (a^
...+ Pi" +i>2)» + («* +i>ia* +i>2a +i>8)- The function is one degree lower than /(«); and the coefficients of x after the first are the successive sums obtained in the process of evaluating, the last sum van- ishing, since a is now supposed to be a root of /(a?) = 0.
That this is the quotient when f{x) is divided by a; — a appears at once by multiplying this new function by x — a\ thus: GRAPHS. 81 aj» + (a + jpi)aj* 4- (a* + jPia + 1>2)« + («* 4- !>!«* 4- l>8a 4- 1>8) X* + (a +Pi)a^ + (a' + Pia4-i>2)»* + {c^+PiCt^+P^P^ -^Ps)^ —aa^—{a^'{-Pia)a^--{(^+Pia^-{-p3a)-(a*-{'Pi(^-{'P^^-{'Psa) ^ -VPx^-Vp^ +i>8» - (a* 4-Pia' +i>8a* 4-P3a)- Since a* +i>ia' +i>8a* +i>8« +i>4 = 0, or a* 4-i>ia^ -\-p^ +i>8a = -i>4> we have finally for the product «* ^-Px^ +P^ 4-i>8» +i>4, the original function.


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