The Principles of Ornament

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4, cap. I). At any rate, Callimachus is credited by Vitruvius with the first use of the acanthus in capitals. The ornamental forms of the acanthus ACANTHUS LEAVES IN NATURE 119 bear little resemblance to the natural leaf. (See Figs. 149, 150, 151, and 152. ) The two latter are FIG. 150. Acanthus Spinosus from nature.
leaves from Greek capitals, the first two have been drawn from nature. The acanthus, as we know it in the capitals of the Greek and Roman Corinthian, 120 THE PRINCIPLES OF ORNAMENT
... and the Roman Composite orders, is an artistic creation, adapted to suit the ends of a grand style of architecture, and not an imitation of a particular leaf. The characteristic difference of the classic ornament from the natural leaf lies in the " pipes " that start from the " eyes " at the base of the leaflets, FIG. 151. Greek acanthus leaf from a capital of the Tower of the Winds.
and, somewhat contrary to nature, taper downwards to the base of the leaf ; these pipes, together with the central stalk, impart that strength and dignity which is necessary for architectural foliage, especially when it adorns the bell of a capital.


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